This is what we started to do with the Pitot probesOnly two exceptions would be made to this flat taxHis activity as curator taught him cautionLong he thinks that a decade is a maximumThe message of Louis Gallois was not relayedNo inspector will refuse to receive a fellowNothing significant was agreed to this dayEvidenced by the eponymous title or Cool breezeThe France is therefore only one standingBut twelve hours later the man feels wellDifficult to escape, or even to speak of something else. The question of employment monopolized the election campaign in recent weeks in Sweden. This might appear a little paradoxical: the Scandinavian Kingdom displayed an unemployment rate of 5.7, one of the lowest in Europe. But the paradox is only apparent. This flattering figure hides a reality significantly less bright that the center-right opposition was against. With some success apparently.
"This is political, it is manipulated by the Government," consider, like many, Assar Lindbeck, Professor of Economics at the University of Stockholm. It should not be taken for cash. "If, as in the other countries of the Union European, the Sweden incorporated these statistics students looking for a job,"it would be a percentage of approximately 7.5 ", says Klas Eklund, Chief of the SEB Bank economist. Some do not hesitate to add 3 additional points corresponding to the many unemployed placed in the public training programmes, including the lack of results was highlighted by several recent studies.
As employers, he prefers to refer to a rate of... 20, with all persons outside the labour market. "There are 1.5 million Swedes working without employment age", are Stefan Gameda, Chief Economist of the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise, including persons retired early (550,000) and those on long-term sick (260,000). Sales hammered by the leaders of the Alliance. With a real echo. "Each Swedish knows a person unemployed in his entourage and was concerned for his future or his children," said Henrik Brors, domestic political chief editor of the "Dagens Nyheter"." Employment is a real problem.
"A lack of SME"
The explanations of the phenomenon diverge. For the opposition, the unemployment compensation system, very generous and little binding, encourage not the unemployed to seek work. But for economists, evil is deeper. "The Swedish economy does not create enough jobs, despite its strong growth", point Lars Calmfors, another professor of Economics at the University of Stockholm. In question, according to Michel Wlodarczyk, the President of the French Chamber of commerce, "a lack of SME". The Sweden is a country of major industrial groups. The services sector, which today generates the most jobs in Europe, is underdeveloped, the omnipotence of public services, of the important regulatory and high levies. The amount of taxes and contributions would discourage the Swedes to appeal to carriers and promote instead the black work.
Several difficult year
Critics rejected by the unions and the Government. "The Sweden poster, more than 77, one of the highest employment rates in the world", argues Dan Andersson, Chief Economist of LO, the main Confederation of employees (1.9 million members). Although the large number of women working part-time in Sweden false a little comparison.
The country is also several difficult years after the collapse of the dot-com bubble, argues the power team. Many companies such as Ericsson, have, in fact, carved out of their workforce and are are restructured at the beginning of the Decade. "The focus has been a good time on productivity gains, note Torbjörn Isaksson, an economist at Nordea Bank." Hirings have resumed in 2005. "The social democratic Government expected 150,000 jobs this year.
The unemployment rate down, in any case, for several months. It still declined by 0.3 point in August, at 5.7, opportunely announced yesterday, the central Bureau of statistics (CBS). A rally which is perhaps "too little too late" for power in place, regrets Dan Andersson.